The Republic of South Sudan is a landlocked country in East-Central Africa that gained its independence from the Republic of the Sudan in 2011. Its current capital, Juba is also the largest city. Before the outbreak of a civil war in 2013, it was planned that the capital city would be moved to the more centrally located Ramciel in the future. South Sudan is bordered by Sudan to the north, Ethiopia to the east, Kenya to the southeast, Uganda to the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the southwest, and the Central African Republic to the west. It includes the vast swamp region of the Sudd, formed by the White Nile and known locally as the Bahr al Jabal. South Sudan has a total land area of 619,745 km2 and an estimated population of 12,230,730 (2016), but, given the lack of a census in several decades, this estimate may be severely distorted. The economy is predominantly rural and relies chiefly on subsistence farming.

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